Stud driving tool



D. T. PHILLIPS TAL 2,740,965

STUD DRIVING TOOL April 10, 1956 Filed Feb. 29, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 1IIIIIIIHIIIIIIIHEQ) L /U 4 if April 10, 1956 D. T. PHILLIPS ETAL2,740,965

STUD DRIVING TOOL Filed Feb. 29, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 71m GMM April l0,1956 D. T. PHILLIPS ETAL STUD DRIVING TOOL,`

5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 29, 1952 #fram/ir April 10, 1956 D. T.PHILLIPS ETAL STUD DRIVING TOOL 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 29. 1952#fran/vir April 10, 195e D. T. PHILLIPS HAL 2,740,965

STUD DRIVING TOOL Filed Feb. 29. 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 141K@ -fi- [lkw1N V EN TOR5 I I v u BY ,cm/7 '17,- www 01M rrapwiy United States PatentO STUD `DRIVING TooL Daniel T. Phillips and Virginius R. Erickson,Portland, Oreg.,`assignors, by mesne assignments, to Joseph B. Cox,doing business as Powder Power Tool Co., Portland, Oreg.

Application February 29, 1952, SerialrNo. 274,172 3 Claims. (Cl. 1 106)The present invention is concerned with the explosively actuated studdriving tools and'relates more particularly to `an improved constructionthereof which reduces the size of the tool for a given caliber of anexplosive shell and provides for a reduced cost of manufacture.

The above and other objects of the invention are attained as describedin connection with a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which: Y

yFigure l is a longitudinal sectional view through the tool.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary sectional view on an enlarged scale taken in aplane indicated by the line 2 2 in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view taken in the plane indicated bythe line 3 3 in Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view taken in a plane indicated bythe line 4 4 in Figure l.

Figure 5 is a transverse sectional View taken as indicated by the line 55 in Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a sectional elevational view taken'as indicated by the line6 6 in Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view taken as indicated by the line 77 in Figure 2.

Figure 8 is a transverse sectional view taken as indicated by the line 88 in Figure 2. l

Figure 9 is a composite elevational view showing the two halves ofthetool separated.

Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Figure 1 butillustrating the tool at one stage of the firing operation in which thefront and rear halves have been telescoped together as the first'step inconditioning the tool for firing.

Figure 11 is a sectional View similar to Figure 2 but showing the toolin the same condition as illustrated in Figure 10.

Figure 12 is an elevational view of the surface engaging face of thesafety pad.

Figure 13 is a sectional view similar to Figures 2 and 11 but showingthe parts of the tool as'positioned at the moment of iiring. v

Figure 14 is a transverse sectional view similar to Figure 7 but showingthe tiring pin released from its latch.

Figure 15 is a fragmentary detail section taken on the line 15-15 inFigure 14 with the tiring pin omitted from the view.

Figure 16 is a sectional view taken in a plane indicated by the line 1616 in Figure 17.

2,740,965 Patented Apr. 10, 1956 Serial No. 130,318, Iiled December 2,1949, and issued as U. S. VLetters Patent No. 2,679,645, on June l,1954, and Serial No. 135,744, tiled December 29, 1949.

Referring to Figures 1 and 9, the tool comprises two detachablyconnectedparts including a front or barrel half 20 having a barrel 21, asafety pad mounting sleeve 22 and a safety pad 23 carried thereby, and arear half 26 including handle 27, a housing 28 and a firing pin carrier29 in which a ring pin 31 is mounted. In Figure 1 the two halves areshown in the assembled condition and in the position of the parts whichwill' be referred to as the normal or expanded position.

Referring to the front or barrel half of the tool as shown in Figures 1vand 9 the barrel 21 includes a muzzle end 36 and a central longitudinalbore 37 of conventional construction which terminates in an enlargedbore 37a to receive a removable breech plug. or power insert 38. Thebreech plug serves as a mounting for a cartridge 39 while the bore 37 ofthe barrel serves as a mounting for a stud 41 having a frictionalretainer 41a. The plug 38 is provided with a tubular extension 42extending into the bore 37 of the barrel and having a beveled end 43which serves to push the stud 41 to a desired position in the barrel.Clearance space is provided between the outer surface of the extension42 and the barrel and one or more apertures 44 extend through the plug38 to an annular clearance space 40 vat a location beyond the end of thecartridge 39. The apertures 44 and the clearance space 40 providepassage means to the exterior of the plug extension 42 to provide forflow of the explosive gases to equalize pressure and prevent splittingof the extension. The beveled end 43 provides passage means at the outerend for the same purpose. The breech end of the barrel is externallythreaded to be attached to the firing pin carrier 29 at its recessedfront end.

The muzzle end 36 of the barrel is disposed Within an aperture 45 of thesafety pad structure 23. The structure 23 comprises a central circularrecessed pad portion 46 (Figures 1, 6 and 12) bolted to a similar frameplate 47 which is secured as by brazing about the front end of safetypad sleeve 22. The aperture 45 is in olf center position with respect tothe pad portion 46.` Iournalled Figure 17 is an elevational view of thehandle with t certain details shown in dotted lines.

Figure 18 is a perspective detail View of the trigger disk.

Figure 19 is an enlarged portion of Figure 1 illustratabout theeccentric center pad portion 46'is any outer recessed pad portion 48 andouter frame plate 50 journalled eccentrically aboutpad portion 46 byswivel guides 49 overlying the plate 47. The pad portion 46 and 48 carrysuitable rubber inserts 46a and 48a bonded within their respectiverecesses. The detachable mountingV ofy the pad portions 46 and 48provides for replacement of these parts, when required, due tofdamageresulting from firing of the tool. The outer frame plate 50 carries aspring latch 51 for engaging suitable notches in the plate 47 Theabovestructure provides for adjustment of the barrel with respect to thesafety pad as disclosed in said application, Serial No. 130,818.

The safety pad structure including the sleeve 22 iscarried by the barreland spring urged outwardly with respect thereto, selective means beingprovided to enable' extension of the barrel for installing studs inrecesses. As seen in Figure 1, the barrel is reduced in diameteradjacent the muzzle end to provide a'seat or shoulder 53 for a safetyVpad spring 54, which seats at its other end against ing the relation ofthe sleeve extension and its latch spring.

In general the tool shown in the instant application is ofthetypefdescribed and claimed in the' co-pending applications of Smith andDaugherty, Serial No. 1124,078, led November 28, 1949, and Erickson andBullwinkle,

the member 46 of the safety pad structure thus spring urging thesafetypad and its sleeve 22 outwardly. The limit or normal position asshown in Figure 1 determined by engagement of the flanged end 56 of thesleeve 22 with a conventional split retainer ring 57`carried by a groovein the barrel. Also an inwardly formed lug or key 5S of the sleeve 22engages in a longitudinal groove 59 of the barrel to hold the partsagainst relative rotation.

Means is provided to prevent removal of the safetyV pad structure fromthe barrel. Such means comprises a rivet 60 (Figure 1) in the sleeve 22whose inside head will engage the shoulder 53 of the barrel as a stopupon movement of the sleeve 22 rearwardly along the barrel. By virtue ofthe two limit stopsv comprising the liange end 56 of the sleeve 22 andthe rivet 66, attempted removal of the safety pad structure when thebarrel is disassembled from the remainder of the tool is prevented.

Detachably connected to the safety pad sleeve 22 is a sleeve extension61 carrying a longitudinally leaf spring 62 (Figures l and 19) whichseats within the groove 59 of the barrel and has a latch end or lip 62awhich engages behind the inturned flange 56 of the sleeve 22 and holdsthe sleeve extension against it. The sleeve extension 61 also serves toprevent misaiignment of' sleeve 22 and prevents tiring of the toolunless perpendicular to the work surface as the sleeve extension 61 willbind and prevent sliding movement of the safety pad sleeve 22 when thetool is not held perpendicular to the work surface. The extension 61 isapertured at 63 to provide access to the spring 62 so that the springcan be flexed to disengage its lip from the safety pad sleeve in theevent it is wished to disassemble the sleeve extension 61 and use thetool without it. When the sleeve extension is omitted, the safety padstructure is allowed to recede further with respect to the barrel beforeinitiating a ring sequence, thereby allowing firing into recesses.

The rear half of the tool includes the handle 27, the housing 28, andthe tiring pin carrier 29, and certain firing control parts referred tohereinafter. The carrier 29 (Figures l and 2) is urged forwardly by aspring 65, which seats at its other end against a retainer ring 76referred to hereinafter. The housing 28 (Figures 1 and 4) carries a stopring 66 for the carrier which is secured in place between four drivescrews 67 and four inwardly struck lugs 68 of the housing 2S. Thehousing is also formed with two inwardly struck guide lugs or keys 69and 69', (Figures 2 and 8) the right hand one 69 of which engages in alongitudinal groove 71 in the firing pin carrier 29. The ring pincarrier 29 is thus connected slidably and non-rotatably to the housing28. The lug 69 at the left in Figure 2 and also shown in Figure 7 servesas a guide in installing the control cam 77. At its rear face theretainer ring 76 is held in place about a split stop ring 7S seated in asuitable groove in the housing 28.

The control cam or member 77 (Figures l and 2) has its forwardcylindrical end engaging over the reduced end 97 of the firing pincarrier 29 and is connected at its rearward end to its retainer ring 76and the housing 28. This retainer ring 76 (Figures 2 and 3) is lockedagainst axial displacement with respect to control earn 77 by an annularwire 81 seating in mating grooves' of the ring 76 and the cam 77. Aninternally threaded sleeve 82 (Figures 1, 3 and 16) is silver solderedin place in the control cam 77 and carries a cap screw 86. The head ofthe screw 86 and the sleeve 82 engage in respective circumferentialslots 8S and 85a in the periphery of the retainer ring 76 and thehousing 2S. The handle 27 engages over the end of the housing 2S and isheld in place by the head of the screw 86 engaging in a longitudinalslot 87 (Figures l and 17) in the handle. An aperture 88 at one end ofthe slot provides for insertion or removal of the screw 86.

The handle 27 (Figures 1 and 2) is provided with an internal annulargroove 89 in which an expanding type split retaining ring 91 seats. Thisring is abutted by a keeper plate 92 (Figures 1 and 2) having fourstruck out portions 92a to maintain its central position and having aninternal sleeve portion 92b flared at the end for a purpose laterdescribed. A recoil spring 93 is seated within the handle and seatsagainst the keeper plate 92.

The rearward portion 97 (Figures 1 and 2) of the firing pin carrier isreduced and is centrally apertured at 98 to receive the firing pin 31which has a firing pin spring 161 seated between a stop ring 1112 on thefiring pin and a lug 103 on the handle. The sleeve portion 92b of theplate 92 serves as a guide for this spring.

Means is provided for latching the firing pin against tiring movementand this means comprises a trigger 106 (Figures 2 and 7) pivoted on astud 107 mounted in the tiring pin carrier and also serving to retain atrigger disk 1 (Figures 2, 7 and 18) in place. The stud 167 (Figure 15)is` deformed into a threaded hole 169 and thereby retained in place. Thetrigger 106 (Figure 7) is spring urged to active position by a torsionspring 111 mounted about a drive screw 112 and having it ends retainedin place by respective ears 113 and 114- of the trigger disk. As seen inFigure 7 an arm 10651 of the trigger disk is disposed in a slot 116 ofthe control cam 'I7 adjacent a cam surface 117 thereof. The slot 116aserves with a cam roller 1175i on the firing pin carrier 29 to controlor provide for relative rotation between these parts.

In the use of the tool, with the barrel half and the handle halfseparated as shown in Figure 9, the stud is rst inserted into the bore37 of the barrel 21 and then the breech plug inserted 3S with acartridge 39 therein is inserted in place, the tubular extension 38a ofthe insert forcing the stud 41 ahead of it to the desired location alongthe barrel. The tool is then reassembled in the condition shown inFigure l and the safety pad is placed against the surface into which thestud is to be driven. The operator then pushes against the handle 27 andthe first thing that occurs is the compression of spring 54, the safetypad spring, until the barrel itself engages the surface 105 at itsmuzzle (see Figure l0). Thereafter continued pressure on the handle 27will cause this handle, the housing 28, and the control cam 77 totelescope or slide longitudinally with respect to the assemblycomprising the firing pin carrier 29 and the barrel 21 (see Figure 13).Strong recoil spring 93 is not compressed to an appreciable extent bythis pressure, the entire movement being taken up by the tiring pincarrier spring 65. As the tiring pin carrier spring 65 is beingcompressed, the firing pin spring 101 is also compressed, the firing pinbeing held by its latch 106 (Figure 7). This relative rearward movementof the firing pin carrier with respect to the tiring pin places theparts in the position shown in Figure 10 where the roller 117 on thefiring pin carrier has moved from a narrow portion of the slot 116 intoalignment with the enlarged portion 116e thereof thus permittingrelative turning between the tiring pin carrier and the control cam.This same movement carries the trigger latch 106 into the narrow portion11611 of the cam slot 116 of control cam 77 where such relative rotationcan serve to release the tiring pin from its latch.

The operator with a tool conditioned as shown in Figure 10, in which theroller 117a has been moved out of engagement with the narrow portion ofthe slot 116 and the tail of the ball 166 has been moved into the narrowportion 11617 of the cam slot 116, then turns the handlecounterclockwise as viewed from the rear end of the tool, and thecontrol cam 77 through the screw 86, is also turned to place the partsin the position thereof shown in Figure 13, in which the ball 166 hasvbeen moved from the position shown in Figure 7 to the position thereofshown in Figure 14 whereby the tiring pin 31 is released. The extent ofturning movement is illustrated in Figure 16. This serves to release thefiring pin 31 which under the urgency of its spring 161 will be drivenforward to engage and fire the cartridge. As a result the stud is driveninto the surface 105. The recoil force from the cartridge is transmittedthrough the firing pin carrier, the control cam 77 and the housing 28 tothe spring 93 which partially absorbs such recoil.

When the operator releases the handle, the spring 65 becomes effectiveto restore the parts to the position shown in Figure 1.

If the operator finds it necessary to fire into a recess such as aconduit receptacle, the sleeve extension 61 must be removed beforeassembling the tool. With the barrel half disassembled as illustrated inFigure 9, the operator inserts a rod or screw driver through theaperture 63 to disengage the latch spring 62 and permit withdrawal'ofthe sleeve extension 61 rearwardly over the barrel. This does not effectthe operation in :liring the tool except to permit greater compressionof the safety pad spring 54 to allow the barrel to extend beyond thesafety pad until it contacts the bottom wall of the recessed structure.

While we have shown and described a preferred ernbodiment of theinvention, it is apparent that the invention can be embodied in otherforms so that its scope should be limited only by the scope of theclaims appended hereto. v

We claim:

l. In an explosively actuated stud driving tool having a forward end anda rearward end, a housing, a firing pin carrier carried for slidingmovement in said housing, carrier spring means engaging said carrier andurging it forwardly of said tool, and an annular series of inwardlyformed portions of said housing forming a stop for said carrier, saidcarrier having a longitudinal groove therein, and said housing having aninwardly formed portion forming a key engaging said groove.

2. In an explosively actuated stud driving tool having a barrel at itsforward end, a housing at the rearward end of said tool, a firing pincarrier connected to said barrel for Ymovement therewith and mounted forsliding movement relative to said-housing, carrier spring means engagingsaid carrier and urging it forwardly of said tool, a firing pin mountedfor sliding movement in said carrier, a firing pin spring interposedbetween the housing and means on said firing `pin for urging said pinforwardly with respect to said carrier, a trigger latch on said carriernormally engaging said pin to restrain movement of said pin, a controlmember in said housing mounted for movementY therewith to control firingof the tool and including means for moving said latch out of engagementwith said pin, said control member and said housing being mounted forforward movement relative to said firing pin carrier in response topushing engagement of the barrel of the tool with the surface into whichthe :and is to be installed, said forward movement bringing said controlmember into active relation with said `firing pin carrier and saidtrigger latch, and means for re-engaging said latch with said pin.

3. In an explosively actuated stud driving tool having a forward end anda rearward end, a housing, a firing pin carrier carried for slidingmovement in said housing, carrier spring means engaging said carrier andurging it forwardly of said tool, a tiring pin slidably mounted in saidcarrier, a firing pin spring urging said pin forwardly with respect tosaid carrier, a trigger latch on said carrier normally engaging said pinto restrain movement of said pin, a cylindrical control cam in saidhousing having a cam slot extending inwardly from one end, said cam slotbeing defined on one side by a longitudinal straight edge and defined onthe other side by a cam edge providing a narrow entrance portion, anenlarged intermediate portion and a narrow terminal portion, said cambeing mounted for limited rotative movement to control firing of thetool and being disposed about a portion of said carrier, said carrierincluding an element normally disposed in the narrow entrance portion ofsaid slot and said trigger latch including a part projecting into saidslot, forward sliding movement of said housing and said cam relative tosaid carrier serving to place said element in said intermediate portionof said slot and said latch part in said narrow terminal portion,whereby rotation of the control cam is permitted and said control camdisables said latch upon rotation, andmeans for effecting re-positioningof said control cam upon returning movement thereof.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,479,431 Temple Aug. 16, 1949 2,549,993 Temple A131124, 1951 2,594,275Baisch Apr. 29, 1952 2,675,546 Catlin Apr. 20, 1954 2,679,645 EricksonJune 1, 1954 2,700,764 Catlin Feb. 1, 1955

